Engine.



D. R. SCHOLES; ENGINE.

AIfPLIUATION FILED MAR. 26, 1909.

9871177, Patented 1111111.21, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

i :l-Mmmlmmt 1). R. SGHOLES.

ENGINE.

APPLIOATION 'FILED MAR. 26, 1909.

'Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ZR/fmw 1UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL R. SCHOLES, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AER/MOTOR COMPANY, OF

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS. l

Specication of Letters Patent.

ENGINE.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

Application filed March 26, 1909. Serial No. 485,984.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL R. SoHoLns, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to engines and, in particular, to the governing mechanism thereof which is of such a character as to make the invention of especial utility when adapted to hydro-carbon engines.

Diiiiculty has been hitherto experienced in properly governing the speed of hydrocarbon engines, and particularly those of the gasolene type, owing to vibration and nonuniform propulsive action which occasion incalculable eii'ect upon the governing mechanism due to inertia.

It is an object of my invention to remove the influence of inertia from the governing mechanism as far as is practicable and desirable, in order that such governing mechanism may, in the main, be limited to the action of centrifugal force thereupon.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the governing mechanism includes an actuating member responsive to centrifugal force and mounted to swing upon an element rotatively driven by the engine and in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of said rotatively driven element, this arrangement largely eliminating the effect of inertia upon the governing mechanism. This actuating member is preferably pivotally mounted between its ends upon the rotatively driven element, which may be the fly-wheel, there being desirably a spring operating upon one end of the actuating member to hold the actuating member idle when the engine does not exceed a predetermined speed, said member being weighted upon its other end so as to respond to centrifugalforee when the engine exceeds the predetermined speed.

A common method of governing the speed of hydro-carbon engines, particularly those of the gasolene type resides in delaying the closure of the exhaust valves when the engines exceed their predetermined speeds, to which end the governing mechanisms include detaining mechanisms which are caused to operate upon the exhaust valve structures, when the engines exceed predetermined speeds, to engage the exhaust valve structures to hold the exhaust valves open, these detaining mechanisms being removed out of range with the exhaust valve structures when the engines do not exceed predetermined speeds. In practicing my invention, I use a detaining mechanism as a part of the governing mechanism, for the purpose stated, an element of the detaining mechanism desirably being positively moved by the actuating member whether such member is responding to centrifugal or spring force. The actuating member and the element of the detaining mechanism moving therewith have characteristics of construction and arrangement, as will appear, whereby the effect of inertia, as a disturbing factor, is further remove I will explain my invention more particularly by reference to the accompanying drawings, showing the preferred embodiment of the invention, in which- Figure 1v is a side view with parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. l is a sectional view on line 4 4C of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a plan View of a portion of the exhaust valve operating mechanism shown in association with the exhaust valve.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the diiferent figures.

A well known type of gasolene engine is illustrated, requiring in general, no detailed description. The exhaust valve structure shown includes a well known form of exhaust valve, an extension a of the exhaust valve stem extending along the working cylinder Z), a rocker arm c carrying a cam roller (Z, and an abutment plate e adapted for separable engagement with the detainling mechanism under conditions to be described. When the engine does not exceed its predetermined speed, the cam roller Z is maintained in constant engagement with the -cam f by the spring mechanism g, the cam causing recurrent opening movements of the exhaust valve, all as is well understood. When the engine exceeds the predetermined speed, the element it of a detaining mechanism comprised within a governing mechanism, is brought into the path of movement of the abutment platee to hold the exhaust valve Vstructure against the act-ion of the -spring ymechanism g, whereby the exhaust valve is Ysufliciently held'op'en until the speed has become properly reduced whereupon the elementsv e andy 7L 'are separated to restore the valve structure toits normal relation with thejcam f.' They cam j" travels with a gear wheel 7c that is in mesh with-a gear wheel Z mounted upon the main shaft n of the en- 'i gmc. v Y

Broadly speaking, the purposes and functions of the parts thus far specifically described in connection with the accompanying drawings are well known to those skilled in theA art.V Y

- In Carrying out the preferred embodiment Y of my invention, I pivot anactuating member v0, constituting a part of the Vgoverning mechanism, upon an element rotatively driven by the engine, such rotatively driven element preferably being the Vfly-wheel p.

. V'Ihe plane kof movement ofV the actuating element is transverse to the plane of move- `ment of the fly-wheel for the reason which `has been stated. The actuating member is Yweighted at one side of its pivot 'g to respend to centrifugal force, and has its end on the other side of said pivot connected with one end of the spring r, the other end of which is anchored to a peripheral portion of the-fly-wheel. The latter end of the actuating member 0 is in flexible but positive connection with an element s of the detain- `ing mechanism, whereby said element s is moved whenever saidy member 0 responds to centrifugal or spring force.

In the prev ferred embodiment of the invention, the element s surrounds the shaft n and has a circular periphery that is caused to be co-aXial with the shaft 'n by the spring r when the engine is not running abovepredetermined speed and which iscaused to be l,eccentric with respect to -the shaft when the due to the action tof centrifugal force on the' member o to give the desired degree of eccent-ricity to .the periphery of the element sv with respect to the shaft n. The element s thus constitutes a detaining mechanism portion which is rotated by the enginev and which moves in a plane parallel with the fly-wheel; that is, the said detaining mechanism port-ion moves transversely to the axis of the fly-wheel. A The element L of the detaining'mechanism is complemental to the element s and 1s 1n traveling engagement with the curved or peripheral surface thereof, preferably by means of aroller u carried upon the lower end of the element 7L, this engagement being maintained by a spring o or other suitable means. The element h is provided with a stationary pivot between its ends. Zhen the element s is concentric with the shaft n, the upper and' forward end of the element z, is thrown out of line with the reciprocating abutment e. IVhen, however, the speed of the engine exceeds its predetermined rate, the roller u, then riding upon what has become the eccentric s, will throw the upper and forward end of the element it into line with the abutment plate e, the closure-of the exhaust valve being sutliciently delayed lor retarded to secure the desired speed regulation as a consequence of the engagement of the elements e and h.

I have thus provided an improved governing mechanism which includes the actuating member o and the detaining mechanism comprising the elements s and IL operating as rand for the purpose set forth. In order to nand Z being fixed upon the shaft n. In order further to relieve the structure from the disturbing influence of inertia, I cause the combined weight of the actuating member 0 and the portion of the'detaining mechanisms moving therewith to be substantially equally distributed upon opposite sides of the mounting for the member o, whereby substantially equal opposing turning moments due to inertia are set up, centrifugal force acting upon one end `of the element 0 tending to turn it in one direction about its axis of movement and operating uponthe other end of said elemento tending to turn it in reverse direction about its axis of movement.

IVhile I have' heiein shown and particularlydescribed the preferred embodiment of my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown, as

'changes may readily be made Wit-hout ldeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:h A p l. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part rotating with said rotatively driven element vand movable with respect to the rotatively driven element, a member operating upon said part of th-e detaining mechanism mounted to swing upon said rotatively driven element in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of the rotatively driven element and moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism through its aforesaid part to hold the exhaust valve open, and means whereby said part of the detaining mechanism is prevented from having material movement relative to the rotatively driven element longitudinally of the axis of rotation of said rotatively driven element to avoid the eifect of inertia thereupon when the engine is shaken longitudinally of said axis, the combined weight of said member andthe part of the detaining mechanism moving therewith being substantially equally distributed upon both sides of the mounting of said member, whereby substantially equal opposing turning moments due to inertia are set up.

2. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes` an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part rotating with said rotatively driven element and movable with respect to the rotatively driven element, a member operating upon said part of the detaining mechanism mounted to swing upon said rotatively driven ele# ment in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of said rotatively driven element and moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism through its aforesaid part to hold the exhaust valve open, the combined weight of said member and the part of the detaining mechanism moving therewith being substantially equally distributed upon both sides of the mounting of said member, whereby substantially equal opposing turning movements due to inertia are set up.

3. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part rotating with said rotatively driven element and movable with respect to the rotatively driven element, a member operating upon said part of the detaining mechanism mounted to swing upon the rotatively driven element and moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism through its aforesaid partwto hold the exhaust valve open, the combined weight of said member and the part of the detaining mechanism moving therewith being substantially equally distributed upon both sides of the mounting of said member whereby substantially equalA opposing turning moments due to inertia are set up, and means whereby said part of the detaining mechanism is prevented from having material movement relative to the rotatively driven element to avoid the effect of inertia thereupon when the engine is shaken longitudinally of said axis.

4L. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part rotating with said rotatively driven element and movable with respect to the rotatively driven element, and a member operating upon said part of the detaining mechanism mounted to swing upon the rotatively driven element and moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause the operation of the detaining mechanism through its aforesaid part to hold the exhaust valve open, the combined weight ofv said member and the part of the detaining mechanism moving therewith being substantially equally distributed upon both sides of the mounting of said member whereby substantially equal opposing turning moments due to inertia are set up.

5. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part rotating with said rotatively driven element and movable with respect to the rotatively driven element across its axis of rotation and a second part in traveling engagement with the aforesaid part of the detaining mechanism and interposed between the same and the exhaust valve of the engine, a member capable of operating upon the first aforesaid part of the detaining mechanism and mounted to swing upon the rotatively driven element in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of said rotatively driven element and capable of moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism through its first aforesaid part to hold the exhaust valve open, and a spring adapted suiiiciently to oppose the action of centrifugal force upon said member when the engine is not exceeding its predetermined speed to free the detaining mechanism from the exhaust valve.

6. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detaining mechanism containing a part movable across the axis of rotation of said rotat-ively driven element, and a member capable of operating upon said'part of the detaining mechanism and mounted to swing upon said rotatively driven element in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of said rotatively driven element and capable of moving in response to centrifugal force arising Wlien'ethe engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism throughV its aforesaid l' part to hold the exhaust valve open.

7. An engine having a speed governing ,i mechanism Which includes an element rotatively driven by the engine, exhaust valve detainmg mechanism containing a part r0- tating With said iotativel37 driven element and movable across its axis of rotation, a

member capable of operating'upon said part of Vthe detaining mechanism and mounted y to swing upon said rotatively driven element in a plane transverse tol the plane of rota- Ytion of said rotatively driven element and member when the engine is not exceeding v predetermined speed, to free the detaining mechanism from the exhaust valve.

S. An engine having a speed governing mechanism which includes an element ron tative-ly driven by the engine, exhaust valv: detaining mechanism containing a part i'otating with said rotatively driven element and movable with respect to the rotatively driven element across its axis of rotation, and a member capable of operating upon said part of the detaining mechanism and mounted to swing upon said rotatively driven element in a plane transverse to the plane of rotation of said rotatively driven lelement and capable of moving in response to centrifugal force arising when the engine exceeds predetermined speed, to cause operation of the detaining mechanism through its aforesaid part to hold the exhaust valve open.

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 19th day of March A. D., 1909.

' DANIEL R. SCHOLES. lVitnesses A. F. CHAPMAN, Gr. L. CRAGG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington` D. 6.. 

